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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people use medication to manage anxiety, but they're not the only option. Psychotherapy and exercise can be effective treatments, too. Certain antidepressants, including SSRIs (citalopram, Lexapro, fluoxetine, Prozac, paroxetine, Zoloft) also treat anxiety. Other medications, such as histamine blockers, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) can also provide relief. Antidepressants Your doctor could prescribe medication to treat depression. Antidepressants are among the most commonly prescribed medications, and there are many types to choose from. The type you choose by your doctor will depend on the severity of your symptoms as well as any other medical conditions you suffer from, and your the goals of your treatment. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They alter the way nerve cells within your brain communicate. They do this by increasing the quantity of certain neurotransmitters, which improves mood and anxiety. It can take up to several weeks before antidepressants begin working and you should be patient. Benzodiazepines can also be prescribed by your physician to treat depression or anxiety. They are fast-acting medicines and can be employed as a temporary solution to reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Examples of benzodiazepines include alprazolam and lorazepam. They block the action of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which are hormones involved in the fight or flight response. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are an older antidepressant type that can be effective for treating depression and anxiety. They are usually prescribed to patients who have not had a response to other antidepressants. They also require dietary changes in order to avoid hypertensive effects caused by the amino acid tyramine. If you're taking a prescription antidepressant, tell your doctor about the other medications you're taking, such as vitamins and supplements. You may have to decrease the dosage if other medications are affecting how well antidepressants function or if there are adverse effects. Seek help immediately if you have thoughts of suicide. You may have different symptoms for depression and anxiety or you may be suffering from comorbid depression and anxiety. People with comorbid anxiety and depression are more likely to have a negative medical prognosis compared to those with only one disorder. Certain psychiatric medications have been found to be particularly effective in treating both disorders in people who suffer from depression and anxiety comorbidly. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines can ease anxiety symptoms, such as alprazolam, clonazepam, chlordiazepoxide diazepam and lorazepam. These medications affect the central nervous system's benzodiazepine receptors which are protein molecules consisting of five transmembrane subunits which create a benzyl-chloride channel in the middle. The benzodiazepine receptors also have an area that binds to the inhibitory neurotransmitter, Gamma aminobutryic type A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines function by increasing the concentration of GABA-A, decreasing muscle activity and relaxing the muscles. Benzodiazepines are renowned for their rapid onset but also for their high risk of dependence and addiction. Antidepressants, anticonvulsants and antipsychotics and buspirone all have a long duration of action, but are better options for long-term use, as they don't cause tolerance or create addiction. Depression can be associated with anxiety disorders, and antidepressants are able to help reduce the depressive symptoms caused by anxiety. However, many sufferers of depression experience a mixture of both anxious and depressive symptoms and will need the combination of medication and therapy for talk to manage all of their symptoms. In these situations benzodiazepines can be employed for a brief period to manage anxiety or depression symptoms while other medications take effect. Typically, these drugs are prescribed for only a few weeks at a time, and are not taken daily. When taking benzodiazepines over a long period of time may cause withdrawal symptoms, such as shaking and sleeplessness and waking up, so these medications are only to be used as directed by your physician. Tell your doctor if you have ever had issues with dependence, addiction, or mental health. Your doctor can inform you about possible side effects, and recommend other medication if necessary to treat depression. If you've never used benzodiazepines before or if you take them in excess they can lead to serious and sometimes fatal side effects. If you are breastfeeding, pregnant or have any history of liver disease, respiratory or digestive disorders Your doctor may recommend lower doses or reduce the duration of treatment with these drugs. Alcohol can interact negatively with benzodiazepines, increasing the chance of adverse effects and dependence. panic anxiety disorder should avoid drinking alcohol while taking these medicines. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are an option to treat anxiety symptoms. They are a form of medication distinct from benzodiazepines like Xanax and they block the receptors that adrenaline bonds to. They also reduce brain and nervous system activity. They could be a good alternative to benzodiazepines that are more prone to the risk of addiction and dependence. Beta blockers, which reduce blood pressure and slow the heart rate, are often prescribed to treat heart ailments. They can also be helpful for treating anxiety. However, they aren't specifically approved by the FDA to treat of anxiety disorder. These drugs are used “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders. They are a good alternative if other antianxiety drugs do not work or cause unacceptable adverse side consequences. They are particularly effective in cases of performance anxiety and social anxiety, where physical symptoms can occur in situations that cause anxiety. They can be utilized in conjunction with other treatment modalities such as CBT and SSRIs. They are especially effective as an addition therapy for those with GAD which is characterised by constant and unremitting worry that interferes with daily life activities. They can also help manage physical symptoms of anxiety such as a racing pulse or increased sweating. Although beta-blockers can assist in helping alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety, they don't tackle the psychological issues that contribute to the anxiety. They are designed to complement other treatments, such as SSRIs or benzodiazepines. Before you begin taking beta-blockers it is essential to discuss with your doctor your medical history and other health concerns. These medications are associated with decreased psychiatric admissions and suicidal behavior, however the results may differ based on the specific psychiatric diagnoses and the psychiatric history of the past. In certain patients, they may also increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Some natural products have similar properties to beta-blockers, but they aren't as efficient. These include antioxidants, as well as garlic, saffron and potassium. These natural ingredients aren't entirely understood. Certain of these supplements can cause serious side effects, so it's best to consult a doctor before taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are used to alter the way that your brain functions. They interfere with an enzyme called monoamine oxide that breaks down chemicals like serotonin, norepinephrine and other chemical compounds that let your brain cells to communicate with each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs help to keep more chemical messengers in your brain, which improves your mood due to improved brain cell communication. These drugs are also effective for treating anxiety disorders. This includes agoraphobia as well as mixed depression and anxiety states. However, they are not as efficient in the case of anxiety that is pure and may not help with panic attacks. The effectiveness of MAOIs is linked to the fact that they boost levels of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters, which are naturally produced in the body are released into bloodstreams where they travel to nerves cells and serve as messengers. The first antidepressant that was developed in the 1950s was Iproniazid, which inhibited monoamine oxidase. This led to other MAOIs such as tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid and fluoxetine that are used to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. MAOIs can cause serious withdrawal symptoms if suddenly stopped. They may also cause serious drug and food interactions. A newer form of MAOI, dubbed MAO-A, a selective and irreversible inhibitor, is being investigated for use in treatment resistant depression. It is not recommended to be used in bipolar disorder since it could trigger manic symptoms. Another MAOI that is newer, selegiline (Eldepryl or Zelapar) is being researched to treat Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase but does not affect the other enzymes that breakdown levodopa, which is the main treatment for Parkinson’s. These drugs can be used as a stand-alone treatment or in conjunction with other antidepressants. MAOIs can cause hyperreflexia and increased neuromuscular excitability in some patients. This can manifest as muscle twitching, eyelid twitching, as well as other symptoms. These reactions may be more common when these medications are used in conjunction in conjunction with certain foods such as aged cheeses or cured meats.